Scientists are making a case for adjusting our understanding of how exactly genes first emerged. For a while, there’s been a consensus about the order in which the building-bloc ...

There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and all have the same basic structure, differing only in the R-group or side chain they have. Amino acids are in an equilibrium between two acids with ...

A novel protein cage system can control and visualize orientational changes in aromatic side chains upon ligand binding. By inducing coordinated molecular changes, this approach enables precise ...