However, oxides with transition metals that straddle the subtle boundary between covalent, ionic and metallic bonding show copious ... clouds of electrons, the orbitals, move around and interact ...

The behavior of the electrons in atoms is complex, forming electron orbitals that have different ... especially during bonding with other atoms. Understanding a material's properties requires ...

can mimic atomic orbitals but have not yet been used to simulate orbital hybridization, a crucial process in real atoms. While quantum dots have successfully demonstrated artificial bonding and ...