Hepcidin, a liver-derived hormone, regulates iron homeostasis by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron release from macrophages. In β-thalassemia, hepcidin levels are inappropriately low ...

Hereditary hemochromatosis is an inherited iron overload disorder caused by inappropriately low hepcidin secretion leading to increased duodenal absorption of dietary iron, most commonly in C282Y ...

Heme processing by macrophages leads to induction of HO-1 and ferroportin, inhibiting HIV-1. The negative regulator of ferroportin expression, hepcidin, induces HIV-1 transcription and replication.