A 1970s programmable calculator from Sharp approached the problem with magnetic strips on special cards, and since [Menadue] has one with no cards, he set about making his own. These cards are a ...

Those smartcards made up 90.7 percent of the total EMV cards in use and composed 99.7 percent of all transactions in Europe during the same period, compared with 93.2 percent and 99.4 percent ...