Virtual reality relaxation program can reduce pain intensity, with significant changes in brain functional connectivity patterns.

The FACES Pain Scale-Revised was used to self-report pain severity. fNIRS data were analyzed with MLR and pain was categorized into none/mild (0 to 4), moderate (5 to 7), and severe (8 to 10).

with/without recommended pain scale) and recovery time (ranging from pain subsiding immediately to within 24 hours). Specifically, we define painful exercises when: exercises are prescribed with ...