The volumes of aquatic ecosystems affected by oxygen depletion have increased dramatically ... poor deep layers with the oxygen-rich surface water. In addition, nutrient inputs from land support ...

Meanwhile, the warmer surface water acts as a capping top layer ... heat waves even reached the bottom layers, exacerbating oxygen depletion. Efforts to reduce nutrient loads in the coastal ...

Oxygen depletion of bottom waters is a potentially ... but by intermittent mixing with water originating from the surface. Bottom-water hypoxia and anoxia could result in shifts in microbial ...

Record-setting heat may be contributing to fish kills in lakes across the state, according to the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR). “Natural summer fish kills are not unusual,” ...