Surgery for rectal cancer is associated ... tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) system. Recurrence and 5-year survival rates both correlated positively with pathologic stage. While patients in ...

Stage 2 bowel (colon and rectal) cancer has spread into the outer wall of the bowel or into tissue or organs next to the bowel. It has not spread to the lymph nodes or distant parts of the body. Stage ...

The TNM stage was designed such that increasing ... Thus, the dilemma for the clinician and the patient with stage II colorectal cancer is treatment choice. Should patients with stage II ...

The stage of a melanoma skin cancer tells you how thick it is and if it has spread. It helps your doctor decide the best treatment for you. TNM stands for Tumour, Node, Metastasis. TNM staging for ...

Also known as colorectal cancer, it is the third most common ... There is a number staging system and the TNM system. The Dukes' staging system is not really used anymore. The number staging ...