Carlson, Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain) Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS ... AES utilizes an electron beam to initiate the Auger effect, which ...

It is similar to NMR spectroscopy, but instead of exciting the spins of atomic nuclei, EPR excites the electron spins of unpaired electrons. This technique has a wide range of applications, ...

Electron pair emission and correlation spectroscopy are advanced techniques used to study the interactions of electrons in various materials, particularly in the context of surface chemistry and ...

What is Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy? Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is a powerful analytical technique used to study the chemical composition, electronic structure, and local bonding ...