Piecing together this fragmentary material, I created a database of 559 separate episodes where gunboats attacked a target, southerners shot at a federal boat, or there was a mutual fight.

(THE CONVERSATION) During the American Civil War, huge metal monsters roamed the Mississippi River. Called ironclads, these boats were about 50 yards long, carried 75 tons of armor on their hulls ...

Born from “gunboat diplomacy,” the Panama Canal is under threat from US saber rattling ... Panama has also experienced ...

(The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Robert Gudmestad, Colorado State University (THE CONVERSATION) During the American ...