Medically reviewed by Brian H. Wetchler, DO The adrenal glands are two small glands located on top of the kidneys. They ...

The endocrine system secretes numerous hormones that are involved in physiological homeostasis, metabolism, development and growth, cognitive function, sexual function, and reproduction.

A hypothetical model is shown for the activation of the central and local hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (CRH, ACTH, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and cortisol) system as well as sensory ...