While studying such proteins, researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research found an unusual version of cytochrome c. Cytochrome c is a very common protein that transfers ...

The proteins analyzed included hemoglobin (Zuckerkandl & Pauling 1962), cytochrome C (Margoliash 1963), and fibrinopeptides (Doolittle & Blombäck 1964). These early investigations led to a ...

Nanobubbles (NBs) are tiny gas cavities with diameters around 200 nm that remain stable in solution due to their unique properties, including low buoyancy and negative surface charges. Ammonium ...