The World Health Organisation (WHO) is calling for cigarette-style warnings on alcohol to raise awareness about the link ...

Executive function describes a set of cognitive processes and mental skills that help an individual plan, monitor, and successfully execute their goals. The “executive functions,” as they’re ...

The risk of systemic side effects is greater in infants than in adults due to increased percutaneous drug absorption and lower blood volume. The closed eyes technique of eyedrop administration is ...

Cancer of the tonsil is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Cancer happens when abnormal cells start to divide and grow in an uncontrolled way. Symptoms often include a painless neck lump and a sore ...

WHAT we commonly call the throat is actually the oropharynx, which is visible at the back of the mouth, situated below the nasopharynx and above the larynx (voice box). The tonsils are spongy tissues ...

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 4 (FGFR4) belongs to a family of tyrosine kinase receptor. FGFR4 is highly activated in certain types of cancer and its activation is closely associated with ...

The upper gastrointestinal tract, lined by non-keratinized squamous epithelium in the oropharynx and the oesophagus, and by single-layer columnar epithelium in the stomach and the small intestine ...

Mycoplasmas as economically important and pantropic pathogens can cause similar clinical diseases in different hosts by eluding host defense and establishing their niches despite their limited ...

The liver performs hundreds of vital functions, including converting nutrients from food into energy, filtering toxins from the blood, and producing bile, a key substance in digestion and waste ...

This Review summarizes the main events of the HPV life cycle, the functions of the viral proteins, and the implications of HPV infection on their hosts, with an emphasis on carcinogenic mechanisms ...

Sport-related concussion is defined as ‘a traumatic brain injury induced by biomechanical forces that typically results in the rapid onset of short-lived impairment of neurological function that ...