This makes a big vacuole more effective at volume expansion. Gilroy, S. & Trewavas, A. Signal processing and transduction in plant cells: the end of the beginning? Nature Reviews Molecular Cell ...

此外，研究人员利用全细胞三维电子断层扫描技术，还对拟南芥根部表皮细胞、静止中心细胞及其邻近的根冠柱状细胞等其他类型细胞中的液泡结构进行了深入分析。结果显示，在早期发育的表皮细胞中，观察到多个彼此独立的球状液泡，其形态特征与皮层细胞中所见相似（图2A– ...

Plant cells have several structures not found in other eukaryotes. In particular, organelles called chloroplasts allow plants to capture the energy of the Sun in energy-rich molecules; cell walls ...

The research team showed that ATG8, which is normally located in small cellular vesicles that mediate autophagy, is quickly relocated to the vacuole membrane upon disruption of the cell wall.

Plant cells have a rigid cell structure. They are made up of a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, nucleus, and chloroplasts. Plants feel firm because of their cellular walls.