If DNA is a book, then how is it read? Learn more about the DNA transcription process, where DNA is converted to RNA, a more portable set of instructions for the cell. The process of transcription ...

Enzymes called RNA polymerases transcribe DNA into RNA. RNA is the intermediary that carries the information contained within DNA to the ribosomes, where the genetic information is synthesized into ...

For example, researchers know that RNA pol II can bind to a DNA sequence within the promoter of many genes, known as the TATA box, to initiate transcription. Together with other common motifs ...

G enetically speaking, it's a bacterium's worst-case scenario: During transcription, newly minted RNA sticks to its DNA template, forming a 3-stranded structure known as an R-loop. While these ...

As RNA polymerases glide along strands of DNA transcribing them into new RNA molecules, the enzymes can at times get stuck when they encounter damage in the genome, like a zipper caught on a faulty ...

RNA synthesis, or transcription, is the process by which RNA is produced using DNA as a template. This process is carried out by the enzyme RNA polymerase, which binds to specific promoter regions on ...

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into a complementary RNA strand. RNA polymerase enzymes read the DNA sequence and synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA) ...

Histones are the main protein components of chromatin and not only coordinate DNA packaging, but also play a vital role in gene regulation. RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and pre-initiation complex (PIC) ...

Cells express their genes by converting the genetic message into protein. This process of protein synthesis occurs in two stages - transcription and translation. When a gene is to be expressed ...

It both stabilizes a critical protein called RNA Polymerase II—the molecular engine of gene transcription—and reshapes the structure of chromatin, the tightly packed form of DNA, to activate ...