X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful technique widely used for the surface analysis of materials. At low energy resolution it provides qualitative and quantitative information on the ...

XPS relies on the photoelectric effect, where irradiating a material with X-rays causes ... This allows for the identification of the elements present, their chemical state, and the overall electronic ...

For example, a high-end laptop previously known as XPS will now fall under the “Dell Premium” category. Dell says the new structure is designed to simplify the buying process, which it ...