Human joints move thousands of times a day. The articular cartilage plays a vital role in joints’ protection. If there is dysfunction in cartilage lubrication, cartilage cannot maintain its normal ...

The top-down calcification process started with spherical mineral particle formation in the joint surface during early-stage OA (OA-E), followed by fibre formation and densely packed material ...

Cartilage development is the formation of cartilage by specialised cells called chondrocytes. These secrete large amounts of the cartilage extracellular matrix, which contains collagen and ...

This thick fluid may help ease pain and swelling in your knee. The bones that make up your joints normally have a cap of cartilage on their ends. This cartilage helps make sure that your bones move ...

The clinical treatment of cartilage defects is a significant challenge (Gomez et al., 2020; Mardones et al., 2020; Pattappa et al., 2020), as current methods do not provide an ideal graft for ...