The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, in which the author introduced a biological concept of the same name. The book's main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its ...

2018年4月25日 · The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by Richard Dawkins, in which the author introduced a biological concept of the same name. The main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its environment, inside or outside the ...

In detail, the EP states that the genes of an organism can be expressed beyond their immediate biological boundaries, such as skin, shells or leaves. The EP can embrace nest-building or the manipulation of host behaviour by parasites.

Extended phenotypes are worthy of the name only if they are candidate adaptations for the benefit of alleles responsible for variations in them.

2012年10月1日 · Extended phenotypes are commonly thought of as physical structures, such as spider webs and beaver dams [5], but the concept can be equally applied to signals [6], social interactions [7], parasite manipulations [8], and interspecific relations [9].

When Richard Dawkins proposed the Extended Phenotype hypothesis, it was an interesting addition to explain beaver dams or termite nests. With new technologies and a renewed interest, it is now inspiring research to understand co‐evolution in ecosystems and applications in agriculture and conservatio …

The extended phenotype is certainly a big idea and it is pressed hard in dramatic language. Sydney Brenner, Nature. 'This may be the most important book on evolutionary biology in the last decade or two.'

2001年1月1日 · This book seeks to expand the Neo-Darwinian synthesis to include not only how genes encode the instructions for producing the proteins necessary for assembling bodies, (the phenotype), but also how they instill instinctual competencies, which instruct parasitic and symbiotic behaviors, catalyze evolutionary arms races, inform mating strategies ...