Lava Flow - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
2018年7月2日 · Lava flow hazard has been covered in many texts, the main ones being collated in Table 2.1. However, there remains no complete compilation for both lava flow hazard, response, or mitigation efforts. While Blong (1984) provided the best review of lava flow hazard, Chester (1993) detailed response issues, protocols, and mitigation. Many other ...
Investigating lava flow rheology using video analysis and …
2012年12月1日 · Lava rheology is a major control on lava flow behavior and a critical parameter in flow simulations, but is very difficult to measure at field conditions or correctly extrapolate from the lab scale. We present a new methodology for investigating lava rheology through a combination of controlled experiments, image analysis and numerical forward ...
Patterns and processes: Subaerial lava flow morphologies: A …
2017年8月15日 · The final morphology of a solidified lava flow is the result of complicated interactions between the lava and the environment in which it is emplaced; and lava is a temperature-dependent mixture of minerals (with different sizes, shapes and growth rates), liquid (with temperature-dependent composition and viscosity), and gas (that may be dissolved in …
Numerical simulation of open channel basaltic lava flow through ...
2024年12月1日 · Wetted contact lines between the lava and channel walls are formed as a flow traverses a bend. These wetted lines can be affected by rheology and other factors, such as the surface roughness of the walls and floor of the channel (Rumpf et al., 2018). The flow rate and the slope of the channel bottom will also affect the behaviour of the wetted ...
Mitigation of lava flow invasion hazard through optimized barrier ...
2010年4月20日 · The flow temporal evolutions, useful to evaluate the effusion rate trends, were reconstructed by means of a semi-quantitative method based on the analysis of daily lava flow maps, on the lava thicknesses evaluated in the field, and on the analysis of pre and post eruption DEMs (Coltelli et al., 2007). The derived effusion rates were adopted as ...
Lava flow rheology: A comparison of morphological and …
2013年12月15日 · One particular lava flow was selected within the area surveyed by the HRSC-AX camera in the Western Volcanic Zone, Iceland (Fig. 1). This lava flow is part of the Thjófahraun volcanic unit, resulting from the late phase of a fissure eruption event, dated at approximately 4000 yr B.P. (Sinton et al., 2005, Eason and Sinton, 2009). It was chosen ...
Interpretations of lava flow properties from radar remote sensing …
2020年10月1日 · Lava flow surface roughness is defined at a range of scales. Centimetre scale roughness (e.g. crescent ripples and folds) is produced when the lava encounters small topographic obstacles and when a (plastic) crust of a few mm thickness is deformed during cooling (Fink and Fletcher, 1978; Gregg et al., 1998).
Lava Flow Hazards and Modeling - ScienceDirect
2015年1月1日 · To give an example of a lava flow 10 km long, the time for lava to travel from the vent to the front may be only hours for pahoehoe and aa flows, and days for blocky flows. (Recall that this travel time is less than the interval since effusion began: the former is given by [flow length]/[mean velocity along a flow]; the latter is [flow length ...
After the lava flow: The importance of external soil sources for …
2013年11月15日 · Lava flow Units 1 and 2 descended into the White Branch glacial trough; the flow toe of the furthest traveled Unit 1 (elevation 900 m) is 1250 m lower than the Collier Cone vent. Across most of the lava flow field, primary flow features are obvious and the lava appears fresh with little evidence of physical or chemical weathering.
Q-LAVHA: A flexible GIS plugin to simulate lava flows
2016年12月1日 · Lava flow is maintained until the cooling of the lava induces a too low velocity, and a too high viscosity and yield strength which force the lava flow to stop (Crisci et al., 2004, Harris, 2013, Miyamoto and Sasaki, 1997, Vicari et al., 2007). Physically-based volume- and cooling-limited models produce detailed outputs, providing information ...